Onsite Wastewater Treatment System (OWWTS):
- If you cannot connect to the mains wastewater network, you will need an OWWTS.
- This includes a percolation area for effluent disposal to the ground.
Compost Toilets:
- Even with a compost toilet (dry toilet system), you need a method to handle greywater (dirty water from showers, machines, etc.).
- Some local authorities do not consider a compost toilet adequate for dealing with wastewater, as it separates urine from solid waste and uses no flushing water.
Percolation Test:
- A percolation test determines if the soil can absorb and clean water from your septic tank or treatment system.
- In NI, discharge to a waterway is possible if the ground cannot filter effectively, provided the effluent is clean.
- In the Republic of Ireland (ROI), discharging into a watercourse is nearly impossible; alternatives include drip systems and reed beds, which can be costly and may not be favored by all planning departments.
Maintenance and Grants:
- All OWWTS require regular maintenance, including periodic desludging of the septic tank.
- In ROI, existing septic tanks needing upgrades may qualify for a grant.
- In NI, households are entitled to one free desludging per year.
Site Assessment:
- A site assessor must evaluate your site and prepare a report to be submitted with your planning application.
- In ROI, an independent site assessor is recommended to determine the appropriate system.
- In NI, site assessment is typically conducted by a specialist supplier of onsite wastewater treatment systems.
- Consider minimum distances between the OWWTS components and wells when designing the system.
Building Regulations:
- Check your jurisdiction’s building regulations to determine which wastewater systems are suitable.